är den gränsdragning i Hindu Kush, vilken
verenskoms i Durandfrdraget 1893, och som
fortfarande utgr gränsen mellan Afganistan
och Pakistan. Avtalet skrevs under av härskaren
i Kabul fr Afganistan och av dåvarande
vicekonungen uti Brittiska Indien!
Hur som helst så medfrde kriget 1878-80
att området bebott av Pashtunstammen delades
tvärsigenom av Durand. "The
tribal area was divided into roughly equal spheres of
influence". På den brittisk-indiska
sidan (nuvarande pakistanska sidan) frekom sen
flera stamuppror men inga alls på den afganska
sidan. Folket som bodde där erkände aldrig
gränsen, de hade inte behov av någon
gräns där mr Durand drog den. Att
Pastunerna egentligen bort få ett eget land
— står väl numera klart
fr alla?
Durandlinjen
Only justice, not bombs, can make our dangerous world a safer place
By Robert Fisk
We have gone on smashing away at the human rights we trumpeted at the Russians - and the Arabs - during the Cold War. We have perhaps fatally weakened all those provisions that were written into our treaties and conventions in the aftermath of the Second World War to make the world a safer place. And we claim we are winning.
Källa: www.informationclearinghouse
The current US thinking leans towards equipping
select Pashtun tribes to fight the Taliban and
al-Qaeda. It is a controversial move that worries the
Pakistani military, as it might ignite violence in
the Pashtun regions inside Pakistan and fuel the
Pashtunistan demand.
Besides, Obana has bluntly warned that he would get
the US Special Forces to strike inside the Pakistani
territory if the security situation warranted.
Such moves will be seen by the Pakistani
military as a humiliating slap on its face. [ ...
]
What is more disconcerting for the Pakistani military
is the likelihood that Obana's "exit
strategi" will emphasize the rapid build-up of a
134,000-strong Afghan national army. [ ... ]
However, the law of diminishing returns begins to
work for the Pakistani military once an Afghan
national army gains traction. Indeed, an Afghan army
will, most certainly, be led by ethnic Tajik
officers. [ ... ]
"...The single-page agreement which contains
seven short articles was signed by H. M. Durand and
Amir Abdur Rahman Khan, agreeing not to exercise
interference beyond the frontier line between
Afghanistan and what was then colonial British India
(now Pakistan).[1] A joint British-Afghan demarcation
survey took place starting from 1894, covering some
800 miles of the border.[2][3] The resulting
Durand
Line established the "Great Game" buffer
zone between British and Russian interests in the
region.[4] This poorly marked border cuts through the
Pashtun tribal area and lies in one of the most
dangerous places in the world.[5][6][7] Although
shown on most maps as the western international
border of Pakistan, it is unrecognized by
Afghanistan. ..." Note that it "cuts
through the Pashtun tribal area." Standard
imperial practice: create a "national"
border that breaks up or disrupts long-established
tribal relationships, fomenting dissension and
hostilities. If the Durand Line "is unrecognized
by Afghanistan," for the Pashtun it is mere
fiction. Thus the "porous"
"border" between Pakistan and Afghanistan;
for the Pashtun there is no such
"border."
(We find similar issues in "Kurdistan"
involving at least THREE "nations" having
significant Kurdish minorities. It would seem that
most Kurds seek their own nation, a fact that makes
for continuous tension to which pressure points may
be applied at will in many circumstances. (Some argue
that the imperialists who created these synthetic
borders were just ignorant of the relevant cultures;
others argue that it was intentional so as to retain
levers of power in the relevant regions.)
You be the judge. -??-